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Lucy Merrick

Female - 1851


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   Date  Event(s)
1624 
  • 1624: William Oughtred invents a slide ruler.
1625 
  • 1625: Frenchmen, Jean-Baptiste Denys invents a method for blood transfusion.
  • 1625: Charles I. Ruler of England 1625-1649. House of Stuart: Only surviving son of James I; beheaded Jan 30, 1649.
1629 
  • 1629: Giovanni Branca invents a steam turbine.
1636 
  • 1636: W. Gascoigne invents the micrometer.
1637 
  • 1637: Pequot War 1637-1638
1642 
  • 1642: Frenchmen, Blaise Pascal invents an adding machine.
1643 
  • 1643: Evangelista Torricelli invents the barometer.
1649 
  • 1649: Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector. Ruler of England 1649-1658. Commonwealth & Protectorate.
1650 
  • 1650: Otto von Guericke invents a air pump.
10 1656 
  • 1656: Christian Huygens invents a pendulum clock.
11 1658 
  • 1658: Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector. Ruler of England 1658-1659. Commonwealth & Proctorate: 3rd son of Oliver. Resigned May 25, 1659.
12 1660 
  • 1660: Cuckoo clocks made in Furtwangen, Germany, in the Black Forest region.
  • 1660: Charles II. Ruler of England 1660-1685. House of Stuart (restored): Eldest son of Charles I, died without issue. De Jure King from Jan 30, 1649.
13 1663 
  • 1663: James Gregory invents the first reflecting telescope.
14 1668 
  • 1668: Isaac Newton invents a reflecting telescope.
15 1670 
  • 1670: Dom Pérignon invents Champagne.
  • 1670: The first reference to a candy cane is made.
16 1671 
  • 1671: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz invents a calculating machine.
17 1675 
  • 1675: King Philip's War: New England colonies vs Wampanoag, Narragansett and Nipmuck Indians 1675-1676.
  • 1675: Christian Huygens patents the pocket watch.
18 1676 
  • 1676: Robert Hooke invents the universal joint.
19 1679 
  • 1679: Denis Papin invents the pressure cooker.
20 1685 
  • 1685: James II. Ruler of England 1685-1689. House of Stuart (restored): 2nd son of Charles I. Deposed 1688, interregnum Dec 11, 1688, to Feb 13, 1689.
21 1689 
  • 1689: King William's War: English Colonies vs France 1689-1697.
  • 1689: William III and Mary II. Rulers of England 1689-1702. House of Stuart (restored): Son of William, Prince of Orange, by Mary, daughter of Charles I. Mary eldest daughter of James II. She died 1694.
22 1698 
  • 1698: Englishman, Thomas Savery invents a steam pump.
23 1701 
  • 1701: Jethro Tull invents the seed drill.
24 1702 
  • 1702: Queen Anne's War: English Colonies vs France 1702-1713.
  • 1702: Anne. Ruler of England 1702-1714. House of Stuart (restored): 2nd daughter of James II. Died with no living heirs.
25 1709 
  • 1709: Bartolomeo Cristofori invents the piano.
26 1711 
  • 1711: Englishmen, John Shore invents the tuning fork.
27 1712 
  • 1712: Thomas Newcomen patents the atmospheric steam engine.
28 1714 
  • 1714: George I. Ruler of England 1714-1727. House of Hanover: Son of Elector of Hanover, by Sohia, grand-daughter of James I. Proclaimed King under Act of Settlement.
29 1717 
  • 1717: Edmond Halley invents the diving bell.
30 1722 
  • 1722: French C. Hopffer patents the fire extinguisher.
31 1723 
  • 1723: Drummer's War 1723-1726.
32 1724 
  • 1724: Gabriel Fahrenheit invents the first mercury thermometer.
33 1727 
  • 1727: George II. Ruler of England 1727-1760. House of Hanover: Only son of George I, married Caroline of Brandenburg.
34 1733 
  • 1733: John Kay invents the flying shuttle.
35 1744 
  • 1744: King George's War: French Colonies vs Great Britain 1744-1748.
36 1745 
  • 1745: E.G. von Kleist invents the leyden jar, the first electrical capacitor.
37 1752 
  • 1752: Benjamin Franklin invents the lightening rod.
38 1755 
  • 1755: Samuel Johnson publishes the first English language dictionary.
39 1756 
  • 1756: French and Indian War: also known as the Seven Years War. French Colonies vs Great Britain 1756-1763.
40 1757 
  • 1757: John Campbell invents the sextant.
41 1758 
  • 1758: Dolland invents a chromatic lens.
42 1759 
  • 1759: Cherokee War: English Colonists vs Cherokee Indians 1759-1761.
43 1760 
  • 1760: George III. Ruler of England 1760-1820. House of Hanover: Grandson of George II, married Charlotte of Mecklenburg.
44 1761 
  • 1761: Englishmen, John Harrison invents the navigational clock or marine chronometer for measuring longitude.
45 1764 
  • 1764: James Hargreaves invents the spinning jenny.
46 1767 
  • 1767: Joseph Priestley invents carbonated water - soda water.
47 1768 
  • 1768: Richard Arkwright patents the spinning frame.
48 1769 
  • 1769: James Watt invents an improved steam engine.
49 1774 
  • 1774: Georges Louis Lesage patents the electric telegraph.
50 1775 
  • 1775: American Revolution: English Colonists vs Great Britain 1775-1783.
  • 1775: Alexander Cummings invents the flush toilet.
  • 1775: Jacques Perrier invents a steamship.
51 1776 
  • 1776: USA: signing of the Declaration of Independence.
  • 1776: David Bushnell invents a submarine.
52 1779 
  • 1779: Samuel Crompton invents the spinning mule.
53 1780 
  • 1780: Benjamin Franklin invents bi-focal eyeglasses.
  • 1780: Gervinus invents the circular saw.
54 1783 
  • 1783: Englishmen, Henry Cort invents the steel roller for steel production.
  • 1783: Louis Sebastien demonstrates the first parachute.
  • 1783: Joseph Michel Montgolfier and Jacques Etienne Montgolfier invent the hot-air balloon.
  • 1783: Benjamin Hanks patents the self-winding clock.
55 1784 
  • 1784: Andrew Meikle invents the threshing machine.
  • 1784: Joseph Bramah invents the safety lock.
56 1785 
  • 1785: Charles Augustus Coulomb invents the torsion balance.
  • 1785: Blanchard invents a working parachute.
  • 1785: Edmund Cartwright invents the power loom.
  • 1785: Claude Berthollet invents chemical bleaching.
57 1786 
  • 1786: John Fitch invents a steamboat.
58 1789 
  • 1789: George Washington first president of the United States 1789-1797.
  • 1789: The guillotine is invented.
59 1790 
  • 1790: The United States issued its first patent to William Pollard of Philadelphia for a machine that roves and spins cotton.
60 1791 
  • 1791: John Barber invents the gas turbine.
  • 1791: Early bicycles invented in Scotland.
61 1792 
  • 1792: William Murdoch invents gas lighting.
  • 1792: The first ambulance.
62 1794 
  • 1794: Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin.
  • 1794: Welshmen, Philip Vaughan invents ball bearings.
63 1795 
  • 1795: Francois Appert invents the preserving jar for food.
64 1796 
  • 1796: Edward Jenner creates a smallpox vaccination.
65 1797 
  • 1797: John Adams president of the USA 1797-1801.
  • 1797: A British inventor, Henry Maudslay invents the first metal or precision lathe.
  • 1797: Wittemore patents a carding machine.
66 1798 
  • 1798: Franco-American Naval War: United States vs France 1798-1800.
  • 1798: Aloys Senefelder invents lithography.
  • 1798: The first soft drink invented.
67 1799 
  • 1799: Alessandro Volta invents the battery.
  • 1799: Louis Robert invents the Fourdrinier Machine for sheet paper making.
68 1800 
  • 1800: Frenchmen, J.M. Jacquard invents the Jacquard Loom.
69 1801 
  • 1801: USA: Tripolitan War 1801-1805. Barbary Wars: also fought in 1815. United States vs Morocco, Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli 1801-1805.
  • 1801: Thomas Jefferson president of the USA 1801-1809.
70 1804 
  • 1804: Richard Trevithick, an English mining engineer, developed the first steam-powered locomotive.
  • 1804: Freidrich Winzer (Winsor) was the first person to patent gas lighting.
71 1809 
  • 1809: James Madison president of the USA 1809-1817.
  • 1809: Humphry Davy invents the first electric light - the first arc lamp.
72 1810 
  • 1810: German, Frederick Koenig invents an improved printing press.
  • 1810: Peter Durand invents the tin can.
73 1812 
  • 1812: War of 1812: United States vs Great Britain 1812-1815.
74 1813 
  • 1813: Creek War: United States vs Creek Indians 1813-1814.
75 1814 
  • 1814: George Stephenson designs a steam locomotive.
  • 1814: Joseph Nicéphore Niépce was the first person to take a photograph.
  • 1814: German, Joseph von Fraunhofer invents the spectrocope for the chemical analysis of glowing objects.
  • 1814: The first plastic surgery is performed in England.
76 1815 
  • 1815: Humphry Davy invents the miner's lamp.
77 1817 
  • 1817: James Monroe president of the USA 1817-1825.
78 1819 
  • 1819: René Laënnec invents the stethoscope.
  • 1819: Samuel Fahnestock patents a "soda fountain."
79 1820 
  • 1820: George IV. Ruler of England 1820-1830. House of Hanover: Eldest son of George III, Prince Regent, from Feb 1811.
80 1823 
  • 1823: Mackintosh (raincoat) invented by Charles Mackintosh of Scotland.
81 1824 
  • 1824: Professor Michael Faraday invents the first toy balloon.
  • 1824: Englishmen, Joseph Aspdin patents Portland cement, the modern building material.
82 1825 
  • 1825: John Quincy Adams president of the USA 1825-1829.
  • 1825: William Sturgeon invented the electromagnet.
83 1827 
  • 1827: Charles Wheatstone invents the microphone.
  • 1827: John Walker invents the modern matches.
84 1829 
  • 1829: Andrew Jackson president of the USA 1829-1837.
  • 1829: William Austin Burt patents a typographer, a predecessor to the typewriter.
  • 1829: Frenchmen, Louis Braille invents braille printing.
  • 1829: American, W.A. Burt invents a typewriter.
85 1830 
  • 1830: Frenchmen, B. Thimonnier invents a sewing machine.
  • 1830: William IV. Ruler of England 1830-1837. House of Hanover: 3rd son of George III, married Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen.
86 1831 
  • 1831: American, Cyrus H. McCormick invents the first commercially successful reaper.
87 1832 
  • 1832: Texas Revolutionary War: Texas vs Mexico 1832-1836.
  • 1832: Englishmen, Louis Braille invents the stereoscope.
88 1834 
  • 1834: Jacob Perkins invents an early refrigerator (really an ether ice machine).
  • 1834: Henry Blair patents a corn planter, he is the second black person to receive a U.S. patent.
89 1835 
  • 1835: Englishmen, Francis Pettit Smith invents the propeller.
  • 1835: Englishmen, Henry F. Talbot invents Calotype photography.
  • 1835: Solymon Merrick patents the wrench.
  • 1835: Charles Babbage invents a mechanical calculator.
90 1836 
  • 1836: Samuel Colt invented the first revolver.
91 1837 
  • 1837: Martin van Buren president of the USA 1837-1841.
  • 1837: Samuel Morse invents the telegraph.
  • 1837: English schoolmaster, Rowland Hill invents the postage stamp.
  • 1837: Victoria. Ruler of England 1837-1901. House of Hanover: Daughter of Edward, 4th son of George III; married (1840) Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, who became Prince Consort.
92 1838 
  • 1838: Samual Morse invents Morse Code.
93 1839 
  • 1839: Frenchmen, Louis Daguerre and J.N. Niepce co-invent Daguerreotype photography.
  • 1839: Kirkpatrick Macmillan invents a bicycle.
  • 1839: American, Charles Goodyear invents rubber vulcanization.
  • 1839: Welshmen, Sir William Robert Grove conceives of the first hydrogen fuel cell.
  • 1839: American, Thaddeus Fairbanks invents platform scales.
94 1840 
  • 1840: Englishmen, John Herschel invents the blueprint.
95 1841 
  • 1841: William H. Harrison president of the USA. William Henry Harrison succumbed to pneumonia 1841.
  • 1841: John Tyler president of the USA 1841-1845. John Tyler the first vice president to succeed to the presidency due to death of a president.
  • 1841: Samuel Slocum patents the stapler.
96 1842 
  • 1842: Joseph Dart builds the first grain elevator.
97 1843 
  • 1843: Alexander Bain of Scotland, invents the facsimile.
98 1844 
  • 1844: Englishmen, John Mercer invents mercerized cotton.
99 1845 
  • 1845: James Polk president of the USA 1845-1849.
  • 1845: American, Elias Howe invents a sewing machine.
  • 1845: Robert William Thomson patents the first vulcanised rubber pneumatic tire.
100 1846 
  • 1846: Mexican-American War 1846-1848.
  • 1846: Dr. William Morton, a Massachusetts dentist, is the first to use anesthesia for tooth extraction.
101 1847 
  • 1847: Hungarian, Ignaz Semmelweis invents antisceptics.
102 1849 
  • 1849: Zachary Taylor president of the USA 1849-1850. Zachary Taylor died while in office.
  • 1849: Walter Hunt invents the safety pin.
103 1850 
  • 1850: Millard Fillmore president of the USA 1850-1853. Millard Fillmore, vice president under Zachary Taylor, sworn in as president after Taylor's death.
  • 1850: Joel Houghton was granted the first dishwasher patent.
104 1851 
  • 1851: Isaac Singer invents a sewing machine.
105 1853 
  • 1853: Franklin Pierce president of the USA 1853-1857.
106 1854 
  • 1854: John Tyndall demonstrates the principles of fiber optics.
107 1855 
  • 1855: Isaac Singer patents the sewing machine motor.
108 1856 
  • 1856: Louis Pasteur invents pasteurisation.
109 1857 
  • 1857: James Buchanan president of the USA 1857-1861.
  • 1857: George Pullman invents the Pullman Sleeping Car for train travel.
110 1858 
  • 1858: Jean Lenoir invents an internal combustion engine.
  • 1858: Hamilton Smith patents the rotary washing machine.
111 1861 
  • 1861: USA Civil War begins.
  • 1861: Abraham Lincoln president of the USA 1861-1865.
  • 1861: Elisha Otis patents elevator safety brakes, creating a safer elevator.
  • 1861: Linus Yale invents the Yale lock or cylinder lock.
112 1862 
  • 1862: Alexander Parkes invents the first man-made plastic.
  • 1862: Dr. Richard Gatling patents the machine gun.
113 1865 
  • 1865: USA Civil War ends.
  • 1865: Abraham Lincoln shot by John Wilkes Booth on 14 Apr 1865 and dies the next day.
  • 1865: Andrew Johnson president of the USA 1865-1869. Andrew Johnson, vice president under Abraham Lincoln, sworn in as president upon Lincoln's death.
114 1866 
  • 1866: Englishmen Robert Whitehead invents a torpedo.
  • 1866: J. Osterhoudt patents the tin can with a key opener.
  • 1866: Alfred Nobel invents dynamite.
115 1867 
  • 1867: Christopher Scholes invents the first practical and modern typewriter.
116 1868 
  • 1868: J P Knight invents traffic lights.
  • 1868: George Westinghouse invents air brakes.
  • 1868: Robert Mushet invents tungsten steel.
117 1869 
  • 1869: Ulysses Grant president of the USA 1869-1877.
118 1872 
  • 1872: A.M. Ward issues the first mail-order catalog.
  • 1872: J.S. Risdon patents the metal windmill.
119 1873 
  • 1873: Joseph Glidden invents barbed wire.
120 1874 
  • 1874: American, C. Goodyear, Jr. invents the shoe welt stitcher.
121 1876 
  • 1876: Nicolaus August Otto invents the first practical four-stroke internal combustion engine.
  • 1876: Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone.
  • 1876: Melville Bissell patents the carpet sweeper.
122 1877 
  • 1877: Rutherford Hayes president of the USA 1877-1881.
  • 1877: Thomas Edison invents the cylinder phonograph or tin foil phonograph.
  • 1877: Eadweard Muybridge invents the first moving pictures.
123 1878 
  • 1878: Sir Joseph Wilson Swan was the first person to invent a practical and longer-lasting electic lightbulb.
124 1880 
  • 1880: Englishmen, John Milne invents the modern seismograph.
  • 1880: The British Perforated Paper Company invents a form of toilet paper.
125 1881 
  • 1881: James Garfield president of the USA 1881. James Garfield wounded by assassin's bullet on 3 Jul 1881 and dies 19 Sep 1881.
  • 1881: Chester A. Arthur president of the USA 1881-1885. Chester A. Arthur, vice president under James Garfield, sworn in as president upon the death of Garfield.
  • 1881: David Houston patents the roll film for cameras.
  • 1881: Alexander Graham Bell invents the first crude metal detector.
  • 1881: Edward Leveaux patents the automatic player piano.
126 1884 
  • 1884: James Ritty invents the first working, mechanical cash register.
  • 1884: Charles Parson patents the steam turbine.
  • 1884: Lewis Edson Waterman invents the first practical fountain pen.
  • 1884: George Eastman patents paper-strip photographic film.
127 1885 
  • 1885: Grover Cleveland president of the USA 1885-1889.
  • 1885: Karl Benz invents the first practical automobile to be powered by an internal-combustion engine.
  • 1885: Harim Maxim invents a machine gun.
  • 1885: Gottlieb Daimler invents the first gas-engined motorcycle.
128 1886 
  • 1886: John Pemberton invents Coca Cola.
  • 1886: Josephine Cochrane invents the dishwasher.
129 1887 
  • 1887: German, Heinrich Hertz invents radar.
  • 1887: Emile Berliner invents the gramophone.
  • 1887: F.E. Muller and Adolph Fick invent the first wearable contact lenses.
130 1888 
  • 1888: John Boyd Dunlop patents a commercially successful pneumatic tire.
  • 1888: Nikola Tesla invents the AC motor and transformer.
  • 1888: Marvin Stone patents the spiral winding process to manufacture the first paper drinking straws.
131 1889 
  • 1889: Benjamin Harrison president of the USA 1889-1893.
  • 1889: Sir James Dewar and Sir Frederick Abel co-invent Cordite - a type of smokeless gunpowder.
  • 1889: Joshua Pusey invents the matchbook.
132 1891 
  • 1891: Jesse W. Reno invents the escalator.
133 1892 
  • 1892: Sir James Dewar invents the Dewar flask or vacuum flask.
  • 1892: Rudolf Diesel invents the diesel-fueled internal combustion engine.
134 1893 
  • 1893: Grover Cleveland president of the USA 1893-1897.
  • 1893: American, W.L. Judson invents the zipper.
135 1895 
  • 1895: Lumiere Brothers invent a portable motion-picture camera, film processing unit and projector called the Cinematographe. The Lumiere Brothers using their Cinematographe are the first to present a projected motion picture to an audience of more that one person.
136 1896 
  • 1896: American, H. O'Sullivan invents the rubber heel.
137 1897 
  • 1897: William McKinley president of the USA 1897-1901. William McKinley dies in Buffalo, NY, 1901.
138 1898 
  • 1898: Spanish-American War: United States vs Spain 1898.
  • 1898: Edwin Prescott patents the roller coaster.
139 1899 
  • 1899: J.S. Thurman patents the motor-driven vacuum cleaner.
  • 1899: I.R. Johnson patents the bicycle frame.
140 1900 
  • 1900: The zeppelin invented by Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin.
  • 1900: Charles Seeberger redesigned Jesse Reno's escalator and invented the modern escalator.
141 1901 
  • 1901: Theodore Roosevelt president of the USA 1901-1909. Theodore Roosevelt, vice president under William McKinley, sworn in as president upon death of McKinley.
  • 1901: King Camp Gillette invents the double-edged safety razor.
  • 1901: The first radio receiver, successfully received a radio transmission.
  • 1901: Hubert Booth invents a compact and modern vacuum cleaner.
  • 1901: Edward VII. Ruler of England 1901-1910. House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha: Eldest son of Victoria, married Alexandra, Princess of Denmark.
142 1902 
  • 1902: Willis Carrier invents the air conditioner.
  • 1902: French physicist George Claude invents neon light.
  • 1902: The lie detector or polygraph machine is invented by James Mackenzie.
  • 1902: The birth of the Teddy Bear.
143 1903 
  • 1903: Edward Binney and Harold Smith co-invent crayons.
  • 1903: Bottle-making machinery invented by Michael J. Owens.
  • 1903: The Wright brothers invent the first gas motored and manned airplane.
  • 1903: Mary Anderson invents windshield wipers.
  • 1903: William Coolidge invents ductile tungsten used in lightbulbs.
144 1904 
  • 1904: Teabags invented by Thomas Suillivan.
  • 1904: Benjamin Holt invents a tractor.
145 1905 
  • 1905: Albert Einstein published the Theory of Relativity and made famous the equation, E = mc2.
146 1906 
  • 1906: William Kellogg invents Cornflakes.
147 1907 
  • 1907: Color photography invented by Auguste and Louis Lumiere.
  • 1907: The very first piloted helicopter was invented by Paul Cornu.
148 1908 
  • 1908: The gyrocompass invented by Elmer A. Sperry.
  • 1908: Cellophane invented by Jacques E. Brandenberger.
  • 1908: Model T automobile first sold.
  • 1908: J W Geiger and W Müller invent the geiger counter.
  • 1908: Fritz Haber invents the Haber Process for making artificial nitrates.
149 1909 
  • 1909: William Taft president of the USA 1909-1913.
  • 1909: Instant coffee invented by G. Washington.
150 1910 
  • 1910: Thomas Edison demonstrated the first talking motion picture.
  • 1910: Georges Claude displayed the first neon lamp to the public on December 11, 1910, in Paris.
  • 1910: George V. Ruler of England 1910-1936. House of Windsor (name adopted Jul 17, 1917): 2nd son of Edward VII, married Princess Mary of Teck. Accession, Jan 20, abdication, Dec 10.
151 1911 
  • 1911: Charles Franklin Kettering invents the first automobile electrical ignition system.
152 1912 
  • 1912: Motorized movie cameras invented, and replaced hand-cranked cameras.
  • 1912: The first tank patented by Australian inventor De La Mole.
  • 1912: Clarence Crane created Life Savers candy in 1912.
153 1913 
  • 1913: Woodrow Wilson president of the USA 1913-1921.
  • 1913: The crossword puzzle invented by Arthur Wynne.
  • 1913: The Merck Chemical Company patented, what is now known as, ecstasy.
  • 1913: Mary Phelps Jacob invents the bra.
  • 1913: Gideon Sundback invents the modern zipper.
154 1914 
  • 1914: World War I begins. Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary vs. Triple Entente: Britain, France, and Russia. The United States joined on the side of the Triple Entente in 1917.
  • 1914: Garrett A. Morgan invents the Morgan gas mask.
155 1915 
  • 1915: Eugene Sullivan and William Taylor co-invented Pyrex in New York City.
156 1916 
  • 1916: Radio tuners invented that received different stations.
  • 1916: Stainless steel invented by Henry Brearly.