Jardine DNA Update – Casa de Schwartz

This analysis concerns Jennie Jardine, only child of John Jardine, a cabinet maker, who died soon after the birth of Jennie in 1855. This Jardine branch was left with Jennie and half siblings from John’s previous marriage. An earlier DNA study using cluster analysis showed that John likely had a sister Margaret (Jardine) Campbell. John and Margaret immigrated to Ontario, Canada from Greenock, Scotland. You can read about this earlier work here. That’s where the trail ended.

A lot has changed since this previous analysis. Four cousins have now tested their Jardine DNA: WAB, JD, JN and LP. Cluster analysis yields few conclusions due to its 20 cM lower limits. However, I am going to try a different trick. Jardine represents a fairly rare surname. It is possible to search DNA matches for every tree that mentions a Jardine. Not only does each match have a tree to evaluate, but the list shows every match down to 8 cM. The close matches to the cousins will tend to have higher cM values, and will appear in multiple cousins’ lists. As the tester is more distantly related to the cousins, the cM value will drop and fewer cousins will share the match.

As you read through this analysis notice the many name variations that exist for Jardine: Jerden, Jarden, Gerden, Gerdan. It can even morph into more common variants like Jordan and Gardner. The result provides the equivalent of a homemade Thruline tree which couples DNA results with family trees derived by classic genealogical research techniques.

Luck was on our side with this analysis. Distinct groups emerge, each of which adds to our knowledge of our Jardine line. This trick works not only because the surname is uncommon, but the DNA also seems to be behaving well. In other words, it is free from the endogamy and pedigree collapse that messes up the match values. It also helps that there are four testers, and that the Jardines in question moved around Scotland. The most closely related matches come from Greenock, Renfrewshire, Scotland. The next closest group lived in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland. The oldest matches comes from Dumfriesshire, considered the ancestral home. Spedling Tower, the original seat of the Clan Jardine, is located in Lochmaben.

Generation 1: DNA matches that point to John Jardine b. 1809
Compared to the previous analysis, we have several new DNA testers to complement the four cousins. According to our oral family history from Edith Nicklos, John was married three times. There is our Rachel McKechnie. The Scottish church records of Greenock, Scotland show another marriage for John Jardine.

In Old Parish, Greenock, Scotland in 1831, John Jardine, Turner, and Jean McFadien booked 20 May. Married 6th June 31.

The 1851 Canadian census lists John’s wife as Marg’t. Agnes Gamble (Jardine) Wilson’s first child was named Margaret Jean Wilson. Therefore, I am assuming that Jean and Margaret represent the same person, and all John’s first four children were born to her. There is no evidence yet for this possible third marriage. Regardless, Jennie had four step-siblings. The DNA maps to two of them, most of them to Robert Charles Jardine b. 1837. Notice the random variation of the cM matches. It shows the value of four testers in finding these connections

John Jardine [1] b. 1809 d. Oct 1855
- Margaret Jean McFadien
  - 2 Agnes Gamble Jardine [1.1] b. 1832 d. 8 May 1889 [ =>]
  - 2 Mary Jardine [1.2] b. 31 Dec 1834 d. 17 Apr 1905 [ =>]
  - 2 Minnie Jardine [1.3] b. 23 Oct 1835 d. 15 Jan 1909 [ =>]
  - 2 Robert Charles Jardine [1.4] b. 3 Aug 1837 d. 20 Feb 1906 [ =>]
- Rachel McKechnie b. 7 Apr 1817 d. 4 Apr 1893
  - 2 Jennie Jardine [1.5] b. 5 Nov 1855 d. 25 Dec 1937 [ =>]

Family of John Jardine b. 1809 – Best Estimate

Generation 2: DNA matches that point to Robert Jardine and Henrietta Campbell of Greenock, Scotland
Last time this analysis was done, a series of DNA matches could be traced to Greenock, Scotland. In addition to John Jardine b. 1809, we found his likely sister, Mary (Jardine) Campbell. Now we find a third DNA match in Greenock: Robert Jardine born 1812. The tree of J_ARNOTT50 indicates that Robert’s parents are Robert Jerdan and Henrietta Campbell. Our first hint for parents of our John Jardine! Yet we need support this for hypothesis with additional evidence. So back to the Scottish church records:

On 4 Jun 1803 in New Parish, Greenock, Renfrewshire, Scotland, Robert Jarden, a mason, married Henrietta Campbell.
Peter Jerdan son of Robert Jerdan and Henrietta Campbell was christened on 15 Aug 1804 in West or Old Parish, Greenock, Renfrewshire, SCT.
Peter Jardine, Batter(?), & Mary Roger, both of New Parish, Mar’d 20 Oct. 1823.
On 16 Jun 1832 in Old Parish, Inverkip, Renfrewshire, Scotland, Robert Jairdine and Agnes Graham Patterson both in this parish were registered for proclaimation for Banns of two ensuring Sabbaths. Married accordingly.
Hugh Campbell, Cabinetmaker, and Mary Jardin both in this parish, booked 26 May 1832. Married 16 Jun 1932.

Although birth records survive for only Peter, I feel comfortable in saying that Robert Jardine and Henrietta Campbell who married in 1803 became parents of Peter b. 1804, Mary b. 1808, our John b. 1809 and Robert b. 1812. Additionally, supporting evidence comes from the names of the children: Mary (Jardine) Campbell named one of her sons, Robert Jardine Campbell, in honor of his father. Robert Jardine named one of his daughters, Henrietta Campbell Jardine, after his mother. The DNA evidence is very compelling with strong matches from all four cousins. Peter dissappears after his possible marriage to Mary Roger.

1 Robert Jarden [1] c. 5 Jan 1783
- Henrietta Campbell
  - 2 Peter Jardine [1.1] c. 15 Aug 1804
  - 2 John Jardine [1.2] b. 1809 d. Oct 1855 [ =>]
  - 2 Mary Jardine [1.3] b. 1810 d. 20 Dec 1881
  - 2 Robert Jardine [1.4] b. 1812 d. 17 Aug 1872 [ =>]

Family of Robert Jarden and Henrietta Campbell – Best Estimate

Generation 3: DNA matches that point to Peter Jerden and Welhelmina Wilkinson
The next batch of DNA matches comes from Temple, Midlothian, Scotland. The common ancestor here seems to be Peter Jerden who married Wilhelmina Wilkinson. So it is possible to construct a path from Robert Jarden in Greenock to Peter Jerden in Temple? Surviving church records for Peter Jerden and Wilhemmina Wilkison indicate the following (please note that the names Peter and Patrick are considered interchangable in Scotland in the 18th and 19th centuries due to its Gaelic origin):

On 1 Mar 1782 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland, Patrick Jerden married Wilhelmina Wilkinson
Robert Jerden, born to Patrick Jerden & Wilhelmina Wilkinson, was christened 5 Jan 1783 in Temple, Midlothian, SCT.
William Jerden, born to Peter Jerden & Wilhelmina Wilkinson, was christened 6 Feb 1785 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
Joseph Jerden, born to Peter Jerden & Wilhelma Wilkinson, was christened 11 Oct 1789 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
Janet Jerden, born to Peter Jerden & Wilhelma Wilkinson, was christened 2 Nov 1787 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
Mina Jerden, born to Peter Jerden & Mina Wilkinson, was christened 4 Dec 1791 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
Peter Jerden, born to Peter Jerden & Mina Wilkinson, was christened 30 Jun 1793 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
James Jardine was born to Peter Jardine & Mina Wilkinson on 22 Oct 1801 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.

As we will discover, Peter Jardine of Greenock was likely born in 1754. He would have been 29 when his first son Robert was born. In turn, Robert would have been around 21 when his first son Peter was born in 1804. So now we have a connection between Greenock and Temple. Also note that Robert named his oldest son, Peter, after his father. In this grouping, the DNA matches remain strong. SBS indentified a different William beside our William b. 1785, but SBS has indicated that his tree may be in error.

We leave this group with mystery DNA match, SEM, who shares 16 cM with JD. SEM traces their tree to Janet (Jardine) Buchanon b. 1762 of nearby Edinborough, Midlothian, Scotland. A possible sister to Peter, perhaps?. It feels like she should be part of this group, but, alas, no record has yet been uncovered.

1 Peter Jarden [1] c. 24 Nov 1754
- Mina Wilkinson
  - 2 Robert Jarden [1.1] c. 5 Jan 1783 [ =>]
  - 2 William Jerden [1.2] c. 6 Feb 1785 [ =>]
  - 2 Joseph Jerden [1.3] c. 2 Nov 1787 [ =>]
  - 2 Janet Jarden [1.4] c. 2 Nov 1787
  - 2 Mina Jerden [1.5] c. 4 Dec 1791
  - 2 Peter Jerden [1.6] c. 30 Jun 1793 [ =>]
  - 2 James Jardine [1.7] b. 22 Oct 1801

Family of Peter Jerden & Wilhelmina Wilkinson – Best Estimate

Generation 4: Church Records for Robert Gerden and Catherine Craig
The ancestry user calico11nz suggests that Robert Gerden and Catharine Craig may be the parents of Peter. The couple lived in Temple where they had church documented children.

Mary Gerden was born to Robert Gerden & Katrine Craige on 11 Feb 1753 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
Peter Garden was born to Robert Garden & Katrine Craige on 24 Nov 1754 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
Agnes Gerdan was born to Robert Gerden & Katrine Craige on 13 Mar 1757 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
Elizabeth Gerdan was born to Robert Gerden & Katrine Craig on 16 Dec 1759 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
Ann Gerdan was born to Robert Gerden & Katrine Craig on 22 Jan 1764 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.
Joseph Gerdan was born to Robert Gerden & Katrine Craig on 22 Jul 1770 in Temple, Midlothian, Scotland.

For the third time, Peter and Wilhelmina named their eldest child, Robert, after Peter’s father. In terms of DNA, supporting proof would come from the brothers and sisters of Peter (Mary, Agnes, Elizabeth, Ann and Joseph) who have valid trees and who match with one of the cousins. Unfortunately none have been found in this search. At this point the DNA matches to the cousins is running really low – between 8 cM and 11 cM, and the many published trees are suspect. Although we have reached the end to this analysis, this last DNA grouping centered in Dumfresshire suggests that Robert Gerden could have been born there. Maybe one of these Jardines born around 1710 is the father of Robert.

1 Robert Gerden [1]
- Katrine Craig
  - 2 Mary Gerden [1.1] c. 11 Feb 1753
  - 2 Peter Jarden [1.2] c. 24 Nov 1754 [ =>]
  - 2 Agnes Gerden [1.3] c. 13 Mar 1757
  - 2 Elizabeth Gerden [1.4] c. 16 Dec 1759
  - 2 Ann Gerden [1.5] c. 22 Jan 1764
  - 2 Joseph Gerden [1.6] c. 22 Jul 1770

Family of Robert Gerden & Katrine Craig – Best Estimate

Jardines of Dumfreisshire, Scotland
Match Name	Match (cM)	Ancestor named in match’s tree
LM	JN: 16 cM	David b. 1821 of Colchester CO, NS. To David b. 1715 of Applegarth?
HH	JN: 9 cM JD: 9 cM	David Alexander Jardine (1715-1778) of Applegarth, SCT. Married Elizabeth Johnstone
TT	JN: 10 cM WAB: 11 cM	William Jardine b. Applegarth. Married Margaret Johnstone or Paterson.
CH by dcmbuilds	JD: 8 cM WAB 9 cM	Thomas Jardine b. 1721 of Kirkmichael. Married Mary Walls.
CD by 2014tree1	WAB: 9 cM	Thomas Jardine b. 1721 of Kirkmichael. Married Mary Walls.
JW	JN: 9 cM JD: 11 cM	David Jardine b. 1715 Applegarth. Married Margaret McNish.
MP by Breretonphillips	JN: 10 cM	David Jardine b. 1715 Applegarth. Married Margaret McNish.
JLM	JD: 9 cM	James Jardine b. 1801 Dumfries. Married Amelia Padley
JN	WAB: 8 cM	Charence J Jardine (1931-1994) b. NS d. ONT to John Jardine & Agnes Bonner

DNA matches of the four cousins to various Jardines of Dumfriesshire, Scotland